What is the ASTM standard for pipes?

The ASTM standard helps to classify, evaluate and specify the material, chemical, mechanical and metallurgical properties of different types of steel, which are mainly used for the production of mechanical components, industrial components and building components, and other accessories related to them.

History of ASTM

ASTM International was first formed in 1898 by a group of scientists and engineers, led by US chemist, Charles Dudley. It was first formed in order to combat the frequent rail breaks that were disturbing the railroad industry.

The group originally developed a standard of steel that had to be adhered to if it was going to be used to fabricate train track rails and that is how the standards started.

ASTM currently has more than 30,000 members, there are 12,500 Global ASTM standards I operation globally and more than 140 countries use the standards and participate with them.

Steel can be carbon, structure, stainless steel, ferrite, austenite and alloy type!

Here is a list of some of them:

Pipes & tube

• ASTM A53/ASME SA53: Pipe Steel Black and Hot Dipped Zinc Coated Welded and Seamless
• ASTM A106/ASME SA106: Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A134/ASME SA134: Pipe Steel Electric Fusion (ARC) Welded (Sizes Nps 16 and Over)
• ASTM A135/ASME SA135: Pipe Steel Electric Fusion (ARC) Welded
• ASTM A139/ASME SA139: Electric Resistance Welded Steel Pipe
• ASTM A161/ASME SA161/ Seamless Low Carbon And Cardon Molybdenum Steel Still Tubes For Refinery Service
• ASTM A178/ASME SA178: Electric Resistance Welded Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes
• ASTM A179/ASME SA179: Seamless Cold Drawn Low Carbon Steel Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
• ASTM A192/ASME SA192: Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High Pressure Service
• ASTM A199/ASME SA199: Seamless Cold Drawn Intermediate Alloy Steel Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
• ASTM A200/ASME SA200: Seamless Intermediate Alloy Steel Still Tubes for Refinery Service
• ASTM A209/ASME SA209: Seamless Carbon Molybdenum Alloy Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
• ASTM A210/ASME SA210: Seamless Medium Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
• ASTM A211/ASME SA211: Spiral Welded Steel or Iron Pipe
• ASTM A213/ASME SA213: Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Boiler Superheater and Heat Exchanger Tubes
• ASTM A214/ASME SA214: Electric Resistance Welded Carbon Steel Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
• ASTM A226/ASME SA226: Electric Resistance Welded Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes for High Pressure Service
• ASTM A249/ASME SA249: Welded Austentic Steel Boiler Superheater Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
• ASTM A250/ASME SA250: Electric Resistance Welded Carbon Molybdenum Alloy Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
• ASTM A252/ASME SA252: Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles
• ASTM A254/ASME SA254: Copper Brazed Steel Tubing
• ASTM A268/ASME SA268: Seamless and Welded Ferritic Stainless Steel Tubing For General Service
• ASTM A269/ASME SA269: Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service
• ASTM A270/ASME SA270: Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary Tubing
• ASTM A271/ASME SA271: Seamless Austenitic Chromium Nickel Steel Still Tubes for Refinery Service
• ASTM A312/ASME SA312: Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
• ASTM A333/ASME SA333: Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low Temperature Service
• ASTM A334 /ASME SA334: Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Tubes for Low Temperature Service
• ASTM A335/ASME SA335: Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A358/ASME SA358: Electric Fusion Welded Austenitic Chromium Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A369/ASME SA369: Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A376/ASME SA376: Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High Temperature Central Station Service
• ASTM A381/ASME SA381: Metal Arc Welded Steel Pipe for USE with High Pressure Transmission Systems
• ASTM A405/ASME SA405: Seamless Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe Specially Heat Treated for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A409/ASME SA409: Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High Temperature Service
• ASTM A422/ASME SA422: Butt Welds in Still Tubes for Refinery Service
• ASTM A423/ASME SA423: Seamless and Electric Welded Low Alloy Steel Tubes
• ASTM A426/ASME SA426: Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A430/ASME SA430: Austentic Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A450/ASME SA450: General Requirements for Carbon Ferritic Alloy and Austentic Alloy Steel Tubes
• ASTM A451/ASME SA451: Centrifugally Cast Austenific Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A452/ASME SA452: Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Cold Wrought Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A498/ASME SA498: Seamless and Welded Carbon Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy Steel Heat-Exchanger Tubes With Integral Fins
• ASTM A500/ASME SA500: Cold Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes (Round Pipe)
• ASTM A500/ASME SA500: Cold Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes (Square, Rectangular pipe)
• ASTM A501/ASME SA501: Hot Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing
• ASTM A511/ASME SA511: Seamless Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing
• ASTM A512/ASME SA512: Cold Drawn Buttweld Carbon Steel Machanical Tubing
• ASTM A513/ASME SA513: Electric Resistance Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
• ASTM A519/ASME SA519: Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
• ASTM A520/ASME SA520: Supplementary Requirements for Seamless and Electric Resistance Welded Carbon Steel Tubular Products for High-Tmeperature Service Conforming to ISO Recommendations for Boiler Construction
• ASTM A523/ASME SA523: Plain end Seamless and Electric Resistance Welded Steel Pipe for High Pressure Pipe Type Cable Circuits
• ASTM A524/ASME SA524: Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures
• ASTM A530/ASME SA530: Standard Specification for General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
• ASTM A539/ASME SA539: Electric Resistance Welded Coiled Steel Tubing for Gas and Fuel Oil Lines
• ASTM A554/ASME SA554: Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing (Round Pipe)
• ASTM A554/ASME SA554: Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing (Square, Rectangular pipe)
• ASTM A556/ASME SA556: Seamless Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes
• ASTM A557/ASME SA557: Electric Resistance Welded Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes
• ASTM A587/ASME SA587: Electric Welded Low Carbon Steel Pipe for the Chemical Industry
• ASTM A589/ASME SA589: Seamless and Welded Carbon Steel Water Well Pipe
• ASTM A595/ASME SA595: Steel Tubes Low Carbon Tapered for Structural Use
• ASTM A608/ASME SA608: Centrifuhally Cast Iron Chromium Nickel High Alloy Tubing for Pressure Application at High Temperature
• ASTM A618/ASME SA618: Hot Formed Welded and Seamless High Strength Low Alloy Structural Tubing
• ASTM A632/ASME SA632: Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing (Small Diameter) for General Service
• ASTM A660/ASME SA660: Centrifugally Cast Carbon Steel Pipe for High Temperature Service
• ASTM A671/ASME SA671: Electric Fusion Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperature
• ASTM A672/ASME SA672: Electric Fusion Welded Steel Pipe for High Pressure Service at Moderate Temperatures
• ASTM A688/ASME SA688: Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Feedwater Heater Tube
• ASTM A691/ ASME SA691: Carbon And Alloy Steel Pipe Electric Fusion Welded for High Pressure Service at High Tempeeratures
• ASTM A692/ASME SA692: Seamless Medium Strength Carbon Molybdenum
• ASTM A714/ASME SA714: High Strength Low Alloy Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe
• ASTM A731/ASME SA731: Seamless and Welded Ferritic Stainless Steel Pipe
• ASTM A771/ASME SA771: Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for Breeder Reactor Core Components
• ASTM A778/ASME SA778: Welded Unannealed Austenitic Stainless Tubluar Products
• ASTM A787/ASME SA787: Standard Specification for Electric Resistance Welded Metallic Coated Carbon Steel Mechanical Tubing
• ASTM A789/ASME SA789: Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe for General Service
• ASTM A790/ASME SA790: Welded Unannealed Ferritic Stainless Steel Tubing
• ASTM A791/ASME SA791: Welded Unannealde Ferritic Stainless Steel Tubing
• ASTM A795/ASME SA795: Black and Hot-Dipped Zinc Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe for Fire Protection USE
• ASTM A803/ASME SA803: Welded Ferritic Stainless Steel Feed Water Heater Tubes
• ASTM A813/ASME SA813: Single or Double Welded Austentic Stainless Steel Pipe
• ASTM A814/ASME SA814: Cold Worked Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
• ASTM A822/ASME SA822: Seamless Cold Dram Carbon Steel Tubing For Hydraulic System Service
• ASTM A826 /ASME SA826: Austenitic and Ferritic Stainless Steel Duct Tubes for Breeder Reactor Core Components
• ASTM A847/ASME SA847: Cold Formed Welded and Seamless High Strength Low Alloy Structural Tubing With Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance
• ASTM A851/ASME SA851: High Frequency Induction Welded Unannealed Austenitic Steel Condenser Tubes
• ASTM A872/ASME SA872: Centrifugally Cast Ferrific/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe for Corrosive Environments
• ASTM A908/ASME SA908: Stainless Steel Needle Tubing
• ASTM B42/ASME SB42: Seamless Copper Pipe, Standard Sizes
• ASTM B43/ASME SB43: Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard Sizes
• ASTM B68/ASME SB68: Seamless Copper Tube, Bright Annealed
• ASTM B75/ASME SB75: Seamless Copper Tube
• ASTM B88/ASME SB88: Seamless Copper Water Tube
• ASTM B111/ASME SB111: Copper and Copper Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes and Ferrule
• ASTM B135/ ASME SB135 Seamless Brass Tube
• ASTM B161/ASME SB161: Nickel Seamless Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B163/ASME SB163: Seamless Nickel and Nickel Alloy Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes
• ASTM B165/ASME SB165: Nickel Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Seamless Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B167/ASME SB167: Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys(UNS N06600, N06601, N06690, AND N06045) Seamless Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B210/ASME SB210: Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes
• ASTM B234/ASME SB234: Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers
• ASTM B241/ASME SB241: Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded Tube
• ASTM B251/ ASME SB251: Seamless Brass Tube
• ASTM B315/ASME SB315: Seamless Copper Alloy Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B337/ASME SB337: Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Pipe
• ASTM B 338/ASME SB338: Seamless and Welded Titanium and Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchanges
• ASTM B359/ASME SB359: Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers Heat Exchanger Tubes with Integral Fins
• ASTM B395/ASME SB395: Specification for U-Bend Seamless Copper and Copper Alloy Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
• ASTM B407/ASME SB407: Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Seamless Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B423/ASME SB423: Nickel Iron Chromium Molybdenum Copper Alloy (UNS N08825 AND N08221) Seamless Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B444/ASME SB444: Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenium-Columbium Alloy(UNS N06628)Pipe And Tube
• ASTM B464/ASME SB464: Welded UNS N08020, UNS N08024, and UNS N08026 Alloy Pipe Incoloy 020 = UNS 08020
• ASTM B466/ASME SB466: Seamless Copper Nickel Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B467/ASME SB467: Welded Copper Nickel Pipe
• ASTM B468/ASME SB468: Welded UNS N08020 N08024 and N08026 Alloy Tubes
• ASTM B514/ASME SB514: Welded Nickel Iron Chromium Alloy Pipe
• ASTM B515/ASME SB515: Welded UNS N08800 and UNS N08810 Alloy Tubes
• ASTM B516/ASME SB516: Welded Nickel Chromiumiron Alloy (UNS N06600), UNS N06025, and UNS N06045 Tubes
• ASTM B517/ASME SB517: Specification for Welded Nickel Chromium Iron Alloy (UNS N06600) UNS N06025 and UNS N06045 Pipe
• ASTM B523/ASME SB523: Seamless and Welded Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Tubes
• ASTM B535 /ASME SB535: Nickel Iron Chromium Silicon Alloys (UNS N08330 AND N08332) Seamless Pipe And Tube
• ASTM B543/ASME SB543 Seamless Copper Tube, Bright Annealed
• ASTM B619/ASME SB619: Wedded Nickel and Nickel Cobalt Alloy Pipe Hastelloy B2 = UNS N10665: Hastelloy C276 = UNS N10276
• ASTM B622/ASME SB622: Seamless Nickel and Nickel Cobalt Alloy Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B626/ASME SB626: Welded Nickel and Nickel Cobalt Alloy Tube
• ASTM B658/ASME SB658: Seamless and Welded Zirconium and Zirconum Alloy Pipe
• ASTM B668/ASME SB668: UNS N08028 Seamless Tubes
• ASTM B673/ASME SB673: UNS N08904, UNS N08925, and N8926 Welded Pipe
• ASTM B674/ASME SB674: UNS N08904, UNS N08925, and UNS N08926 Welded Tube
• ASTM B675/ASME SB675: UNS N08366 and UNS N08367 Welded Pipe
• ASTM B676/ASME SB676: UNS N08366 and UNS N08367 Welded Tube
• ASTM B677/ASME SB677: UNS N08904, UNS N08925, and UNS N08926 Seamless Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B690/ASME SB690: Iron Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Alloys(UNS N08366 AND UNS N09367) Seamless Pipe and Tube
• ASTM B704/ASME SB704: Welded UNS N06625 and UNS N08825 Alloy Tubes
• ASTM B705/ASME SB705: Nickel Alloy (UNS N06625 and UNS N08825) Welded Pipe
• ASTM B710/ASME SB710: Nickel Iron Chromium Silicon Alloy Welded Pipe
• ASTM B729/ASME SB729: Seamless UNS N08020, UNS N08026, and UNS N08024 Nickel Alloy Pipe
• ASTM B751/ASME SB751: General Requirements for Nickel and Nickel Alloy Seameless and Welded Tube
• ASTM B775/ASME SB775: General Requriements for Nickel and Nickel Alloy Seamless and Welded Pipe
• ASTM B804/ASME SB804 UNS N08367 and UNS N08926 Welded Pipe
• ASTM B829/ASME SB829: General Requirements For Nickel and Nicel Alloys Seamless Pipe and Tube

Fittings

• A234:This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless and welded construction.
• A815: Standard specification wrought ferritic, ferritic/austenitic, and martensitic stainless steel piping fittings
• A403: Standard specification for wrought austenitic stainless steel piping fittings.

Flanges

• A105: This specification covers standards for forged carbon steel piping components, that is, flanges, fittings, Valves, and similar parts, for use in pressure systems at ambient and higher-temperature service conditions.
• A182: This specification covers forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, and Valves and parts for high-temperature service.
• A350: This specification covers several grades of carbon and low alloy steel forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings and Valves for low-temperature service.

Valves

• A216: This specification covers carbon steel castings for Valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought-steel parts by fusion welding.
• A217: This specification covers steel castings, martensitic stainless steel and alloys steel castings for Valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature and corrosive service.
• A352: This specification covers steel castings for Valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service.
• A182: This specification covers forged or rolled alloy and stainless steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, and Valves and parts for high-temperature service.

What is the ASTM standard for pipes?

ASTM standards get frequently referred to for steel piping in industrial equipment, construction, and marine sectors. You can find an ASTM pipe grade chart for different temperatures and pressures. The specifics cover stainless steel, carbon steel, alloys, etc., for regular use or special requirements. For instance, you can find ASTM standards for steel tubes in refineries, heat exchangers, condenser tubes, etc.
Since ASTM standards cover a range of components, you can adapt them to your customised needs. For example, you may prefer to use fusion welding or electric resistance. Another possibility is galvanised pipes with diverse malleability and ductility. You can get guided on evaluating the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the material, the corresponding dimensions, and the quality for safety.

Are astm and asme the same?

The two have a very close relationship in helping industries across the United States and globally select the appropriate components for their requirements. ASTM, or the American Society for Testing and Materials, designs the material specifications and test methods for steel products. ASTM pipe material specifies the properties, wherein A indicates ferrous, and B stands for non-ferrous materials.
ASME, or the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, picks the materials that match the required application. It gets widely applied to pressure vessels, heat exchangers, fittings, etc.
The relation between ASTM and ASME is one of joint action. Frequently, the specifications match. The core idea is that ASTM represents the material quality used in ASME.

What do ASTM numbers mean in steel pipes?

An ASTM standard has a designation represented by a capital letter from A to H. It also has a number and the year of the issue. The number can be a single digit or have four digits. Using astm for seamless steel pipe involves an arbitrary number to indicate a specific product. It is usually assigned sequentially to represent different product types for various needs. It does not bear any relationship to the properties of the steel.
The standard also includes the grade to show the properties of the steel and differences in mechanical or chemical properties. Additionally, you must use the suffix ‘M’ if you use metric units. Some standards may include a year in parentheses to show the year of the latest re-approval.

How do ASTM standards work?

Manufacturers use ASTM standards to ensure that their products meet safety and quality standards required by governments, regulations, etc. Standard astm for steel pipe involves voluntary specifications that become indispensable to assess the chemical, metallurgical, and mechanical traits. They ensure that a specific component conforms to quality and safety standards and is suitable for the operating conditions.
The official website has over 12,000 standards across industrial sectors to let you guarantee the quality of the materials for your application. These standards work to boost customer satisfaction and competitiveness in your category. Adapting them can also enhance market access and fitment to critical sectors in the economy.

What are ASTM pipe test methods?

Thorough pipe testing is imperative in sectors like oil and gas that cannot risk quality issues. Checking the integrity of an ASTM tube through periodic monitoring helps avoid leakage, improves the service life, and prevents expenses in the long run. The three most common types of testing are ultrasonic, hydrostatic, and magnetic flux.
Ultrasonic testing lets you check the pipe thickness by sending high-frequency waves. Measuring the sound wave will point you to any regions that have become degraded. Without this testing, you may miss out on loss of piping that can impact the pressure it can withstand and the support it can lend to the installation.

Hydrostatic testing is an effective method to diagnose leakage. It involves filling a pipe section with water and pressurising it over the usual conditions. Assessing the levels and analysing any abrupt drops points to potential cracks.
You will have to use a magnetic flux test to detect metallic loss from corrosion. This technique uses a magnetic flux tool with sensors to apply a magnetic field in the piping and detect anomalies.