Eccentric reducer

The Eccentric reducers have two ends with different diameters. These reducers are to connect pipes having different flanges or diameters. An eccentric reducer pipe fitting is made with a slightly off-center outlet to the larger end. It allows it to attach to one of the inlet’s sides. This reduction systems are used where, on the upstream side of the fitting, the diameter of the pipe from which the flow originates is greater than on the downstream side. The Eccentric reducers are conducive to liquid flows, and it has less intrusion in the fluid flow when the diameter of the reducer is changed.

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Category: Pipe reducer

Description

Eccentric reducer is most commonly used and often eccentric reducer used in piping in about pump and pipe rack area.

As a result, eccentric reducers are most often found in gas pipes and pipes with vertical fluid flow. Eccentric reducers have one flat side that is useful for discharging gases or liquids and for opening and retaining the reducer. As a result, eccentric reducers are usually used with horizontally installed fluid pipes.

Horizontal liquid reducers are usually eccentric, with a flat top that avoids the accumulation of air bubbles in the system. Eccentric reducers are used on the suction side of pumps to stop air trapping in the tubing. The gradual accumulation of air in a concentric reducer can result in a large bubble, causing the pump to stall or cavitation when drawn into the pump. Horizontal gas reducers are often eccentric with smooth bottoms, allowing condensed water or oil to drain at low stages.

Concentric Reducer vs Eccentric Reducer Differences

Concentric reducers are widely used while eccentric reducers are applied to maintain the top and bottom pipe level. Eccentric Reducers also avoids trapping of air inside the pipe, and Concentric Reducer removes noise pollution.

Manufacturing Process of Steel Pipe Reducer

There are versatile manufacturing processes for the reducers. These are made of welded pipes with the required filling material. However, EFW and ERW pipes cannot use the reducer. To manufacture forged parts, different kinds of methods are used including cold and hot forming processes. It includes the ‘Outer Die Method.’

Outer Dia Method

It is the most common method for manufacturing the steel pipe reducer. The pipe is cut and pressed in the outer die whereas, one end of the pipe is compressed into the smaller size. This method is fit for manufacturing small and medium-size reducers.

Connection Types of Pipe Reducer

Ranges from different connection types, pipe reducer could be classified with socket weld reducer and butt weld reducer.

Socket Weld Reducer vs Butt Weld Reducer

Socket weld reducer also called socket weld insert, it has three types 1, 2 and 3. Manufacturing standards comply to ASME B16.11.

The Socket Weld resists ½ of the strength of butt welding, so it is used for small-diameter pipes possessing a diameter of NPS 2 or less. Butt Weld has good strength, as it is suitable for high pressure and temperature pipelines.

Butt weld reducer ends in plan or beveled, manufactured in accordance with ASME B16.9 and welding process according ASME B16.25.

Pipe Reducer Material Types

Carbon Steel Reducer vs Stainless Steel Reducer
The reducers can be made of Carbon Steel, Alloy, or Stainless steel and much more. In comparison to the Stainless Steel Reducer, Carbon Steel Reducer possesses high-pressure resistance, higher strength, and wear resistant but this can be easily corroded.
Carbon Steel Reducer material standards and grades
A234 WPB, A420 WPL6, MSS-SP-75 WPHY 42, 46, 52, 56, 60, 65 and 70.
For Stainless Steel Reducer
ASTM A403 WP 304, 304L, A403, 316, 316L, 317, 317L, 321, 310 and 904L, etc.
For Alloy Pipe Reducer
A234 WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP22, WP91 etc.

We supply steel pipe reducer with below ranges

Standard: ASME B16.9, DIN2615, JIS B2312, ASME B16.11
Material: Carbon Steel ASTM A234 WPB,
Alloy Steel ASTM A234 WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP22
Stainless Steel ASTM A403 304/316
Types: Equal and Reducing
Size Range: 1/2”x1/2”x1/4”-20”x20”x8”
Wall thickness: Sch10, Sch40, Sch80
Pressure Rations: 3000#, 6000#, 9000#
Coating: Black Paint, Galvanized

Standard

Pipe fitting dimensions are in either metric or Standard English. Because pipe fitting covers Pipe Fitting Dimensions several aspects, only the most common pipe fitting sizes can be given here. The most applied version is the 90° long radius and the 45° elbow, while the 90° short radius elbow is applied if there is too little space. The function of a 180° elbow is to change direction of flow through 180°. Both, the LR and the SR types have a center to center dimension double the matching 90° elbows. These fittings will generally be used in furnesses or other heating or cooling units.

Some of the standards that apply to buttwelded fittings are listed below. Many organizations such as ASME, ASTM, ISO, MSS, etc. have very well developed standards and specifications for buttwelded fittings. It is always up to the designer to ensure that they are following the applicable standard and company specification, if available, during the design process.

Some widely used pipe fitting standards are as follows:

ASME: American Society for Mechanical Engineers
This is one of the reputed organizations in the world developing codes and standards.
The schedule number for pipe fitting starts from ASME/ANSI B16. The various classifications of ASME/ANSI B16 standards for different pipe fittings are as follows:

ASME/ANSI B16.1 – 1998 – Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.3 – 1998 – Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.4 – 1998 – Cast Iron Threaded Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.5 – 1996 – Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.11 – 2001 – Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
ASME/ANSI B16.14 – 1991 – Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings and Locknuts with Pipe Threads
ASME/ANSI B16.15 – 1985 (R1994) – Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings
ASME/ANSI B16.25 – 1997 – Buttwelding Ends
ASME/ANSI B16.36 – 1996 – Orifice Flanges etc.

ASTM International: American Society for Testing and Materials
This is one of the largest voluntary standards development organizations in the world. It was originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

ASTM A105 / A105M – Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
ASTM A234 / A234M – Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A403 / A403M – Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
ASTM A420 / A420M – Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service

AWWA: American Water Works Association

AWWA About – Established in 1881, the American Water Works Association is the largest nonprofit, scientific and educational association dedicated to managing and treating water, the world’s most important resource.

AWWA C110 – Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3 Inch Through 48 Inch (75 mm Through 1200 mm), for Water and Other Liquids
AWWA C208 – Dimensions for Fabricated Steel Water Pipe Fittings

ANSI: The American National Standards Institute

ANSI is a private, non-profit organization. Its main function is to administer and coordinate the U.S. voluntary standardization and conformity assessment system. It provides a forum for development of American national standards. ANSI assigns “schedule numbers”. These numbers classify wall thicknesses for different pressure uses.

MSS STANDARDS: Manufacturers Standardization Society
The Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry is a non-profit technical association organized for development and improvement of industry, national and international codes and standards for: Valves, Valve Actuators, Valve Modification, Pipe Fittings, Pipe Hangers, Pipe Supports, Flanges and Associated Seals

MSS SP-43 – Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings Including Reference to Other Corrosion Resistant Materials
MSS SP-75 – Specifications for High Test Wrought Buttwelding Fittings
MSS SP-73 – Brazing Joints for Copper and Copper Alloy Pressure Fittings
MSS SP-83 – Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
MSS SP-97 – Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings — Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends
MSS SP-106 – Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings Class 125,150, and 300
MSS SP-119 – Factory-Made Wrought Belled End Socket Welding Fittings

Difference between “Standard” and “Codes”:

Piping codes imply the requirements of design, fabrication, use of materials, tests and inspection of various pipe and piping system. It has a limited jurisdiction defined by the code. On the other hand, piping standards imply application design and construction rules and requirements for pipe fittings like adapters, flanges, sleeves, elbows, union, tees, valves etc. Like a code, it also has a limited scope defined by the standard.

Factors affecting standards: “Standards” on pipe fittings are based on certain factors like as follows:

Pressure-temperature ratings
Size
Design
Coatings
Materials
Marking
End connections
Dimensions and tolerances
Threading
Pattern taper etc.

BSP: British Standard Pipe

BSP is the U.K. standard for pipe fittings. This refers to a family of standard screw thread types for interconnecting and sealing pipe ends by mating an external (male) with an internal (female) thread. This has been adopted internationally. It is also known as British Standard Pipe Taper threads (BSPT )or British Standard Pipe Parallel (Straight) threads (BSPP ). While the BSPT achieves pressure tight joints by the threads alone, the BSPP requires a sealing ring.

JIS: Japanese Industrial Standards

This is the Japanese industrial standards or the standards used for industrial activities in Japan for pipe, tube and fittings and published through Japanese Standards Associations.

NPT: National Pipe Thread

National Pipe Thread is a U.S. standard straight (NPS) threads or for tapered (NPT) threads. This is the most popular US standard for pipe fittings. NPT fittings are based on the internal diameter (ID) of the pipe fitting.

BOLTS & NUTS

We are manufacturer of Flange bolts & Nuts and supply high quality

A193 = This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.
A320 = Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service.
A194 = Standard specification for nuts in many different material types.

AN: Here, “A” stands for Army and “N” stands for Navy

The AN standard was originally designed for the U.S. Military. Whenever, a pipe fitting is AN fittings, it means that the fittings are measured on the outside diameter of the fittings, that is, in 1/16 inch increments.

For example, an AN 4 fitting means a fitting with an external diameter of approximately 4/16″ or ¼”. It is to be noted that approximation is important because AN external diameter is not a direct fit with an equivalent NPT thread.

Dash (-) size

Dash size is the standard used to refer to the inside diameter of a hose. This indicates the size by a two digit number which represents the relative ID in sixteenths of an inch. This is also used interchangeably with AN fittings. For example, a Dash “8” fitting means an AN 8 fitting.

ISO: International Organization for Standardization

ISO is the industrial pipe, tube and fittings standards and specifications from the International Organization for Standardization. ISO standards are numbered. They have format as follows:

“ISO[/IEC] [IS] nnnnn[:yyyy] Title” where

nnnnn: standard number
yyyy: year published, and
Title: describes the subject

How are pipe fittings measured?

Pipe fittings are measured by their diameter, wall thickness (known as “schedule”), and shape or configuration. (Fittings are also defined by their material grade and whether they are welded or seamless.)

Diameter refers to outside diameter of a pipe or fitting.

The North American standard is known as Nominal Pipe Size (NPS). The International Standard is known as Diameter Nominal (DN). Pipes and fittings are actually made in similar sizes around the world: they are just labeled differently.

From ½ in to 12 inch “Nominal Pipe Size”, outside diameters are slightly larger than indicated size; inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.

From 14 in and larger “Nominal Pipe Size”, outside diameters are exactly as indicated size; inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.
As with other North American standards (inch, foot, yard, mile, …), many pipe standards (diameters up to 12 inch and wall thickness) are based on historical precedents (a toolmaker’s dies during US Civil War) rather than a “scientific” method.

Schedule Numbers

The schedule numbers are used by the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) to denote wall thickness. The schedule numbers encompass all pipe dimensions beginning at NPS 1/8” up NPS 36”. Note that this configuration is only for fittings that match with a particular ANSI schedule number.

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures.

Schedule, often shortened as sch, is a North American standard that refers to wall thickness of a pipe or pipe fitting. Higher schedules mean thicker walls that can resist higher pressures.
Pipe standards define these wall thicknesses: SCH 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40, 40S, 60, 80, 80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, STD, XS and XXS. (S following a number is for stainless steel. Sizes without an S are for carbon steel.)
Higher schedules are heavier, require more material and are therefore more costly to make and install.

What does “schedule” mean for pipe fittings?

Schedule, often shortened as SCH, is a North American standard that refers to wall thickness of a pipe or pipe fitting.

What is schedule 40, SCH80?

Higher schedules mean thicker walls that can resist higher pressures.

Pipe standards define these wall thicknesses: SCH 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40, 40S, 60, 80, 80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, STD, XS and XXS.
(S following a number is for stainless steel. Sizes without an S are for carbon steel.)

Higher schedules are heavier, require more material and are therefore more costly to make and install.

General standard

Standard	Specification
ASTM A234	Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A420	Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A234 WPB	ASTM A234 is Standard Specification for steel pipe fittings includes carbon and alloy steel material for moderate and high temperature services. WPB is one of the steel grade in this standard
ASME B16.9	ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).
ASME B16.28	ASME B16.28 Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and returns.
MSS SP-97	MSS SP-97 Standard Practice covers essential dimensions, finish, tolerances, testing, marking, material, and minimum strength requirements for 90 degree integrally reinforced forged branch outlet fittings of buttwelding, socket welding, and threaded types.
ASTM A403	Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings.

Wide variety for all areas of application

DIN	EN	ASME
St 35.8 I St 35.8 III 15 Mo 3 13 CrMo 4 4 10 CrMo 9 10 St 35 N St 52.0 St 52.4	P235GH-TC1 P235GH-TC2 16Mo3 13CrMo4-5 10CrMo9-10 X10CrMoVNb9-1 P215NL P265NL L360NB L360NE P355N P355NL1 P355NH	WPB WPL6 WPL3 WPHY 52 WP11 WP22 WP5 WP9 WP91 WP92

ASTM A234

ASTM A234/ASME SA234M standard specification for piping fittings of wrought carbon steel and alloy steel for moderate and high temperature service.

Chemical Composition (%) of ASTM A234/A234M

Grade	Type	C	Si	S	P	Mn	Cr	Ni	Mo	Other	ób	ós	δ5
WPB	0.3	0.1min	0.058	0.05	0.29-1.06	0.4	0.4	0.15	V:0.06;Nb:0.02	415-585	240	22	197
WPC	0.35	0.1min	0.058	0.05	0.29-1.06	0.4	0.4	0.15	V:0.06;Nb:0.02	485-655	275	22	197
WP1	0.28	0.1-0.5	0.045	0.045	0.3-0.9			0.44-0.65		380-550	205	22	197
WP12 CL1	0.05-0.2	0.6	0.045	0.045	0.3-0.8	0.8-1.25		0.44-0.65		415-585	220	22	197
WP12 CL2	0.05-0.2	0.6	0.045	0.045	0.3-0.8	0.8-1.25		0.44-0.65		485-655	275	22	197
WP11 CL1	0.05-0.15	0.5-1	0.03	0.03	0.3-0.6	1-1.5		0.44-0.65		415-585	205	22	197
WP11 CL2	0.05-0.2	0.5-1	0.04	0.04	0.3-0.8	1-1.5		0.44-0.65		485-655	275	22	197
WP11 CL3	0.05-0.2	0.5-1	0.04	0.04	0.3-0.8	1-1.5		0.44-0.65		520-690	310	22	197
WP22 CL1	0.05-0.15	0.5	0.04	0.04	0.3-0.6	1.9-2.6		0.87-1.13		415-585	205	22	197
WP22 CL3	0.05-0.15	0.5	0.04	0.04	0.3-0.6	1.9-2.6		0.87-1.13		520-690	310	22	197
WP5 CL1	0.15	0.5	0.03	0.04	0.3-0.6	4-6		0.44-0.65		415-585	205	22	217
WP5 CL3	0.15	0.5	0.03	0.04	0.3-0.6	4-6		0.44-0.65		520-690	310	22	217
WP9 CL1	0.15	1	0.03	0.03	0.3-0.6	8-10		0.9-1.1		415-585	205	22	217
WP9 CL3	0.15	1	0.03	0.03	0.3-0.6	8-10		0.9-1.1		520-690	310	22	217
WPR	0.2		0.05	0.045	0.4-1.06		1.6-2.24			435-605	315	22/28	217
WP91	0.08-0.12	0.2-0.5	0.01	0.02	0.3-0.6	8-9.5	0.4	0.85-1.05	See sdandard	585-760	415	20	248
WP911	0.09-0.13	0.1-0.5	0.01	0.02	0.3-0.6	8.5-10.5	0.4	0.9-1.1	See sdandard	620-840	440	20	248

Notes:

For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified C maximum, an increase of 0.06% Mn above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to a maximum of 1.35%.
The sum of Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo shall not exceed 1.00%.
The sum of Cr and Mo shall not exceed 0.32%.
The maximum carbon equivalent (C.E.) shall be 0.50, based on heat analysis and the formula C.E.=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15.

Mechanical properties of ASTM A234

Tensile Requirements	WPB	WPC, WP11CL2	WP11CL1	WP11CL3
Tensile Strength, min, ksi[MPa] (0.2% offset or 0.5% extension-under-load)	60-85 [415-585]	70-95 [485-655]	60-85 [415-585]	75-100 [520-690]
Yield Strength, min, ksi[MPa]	32 [240]	40 [275]	30 [205]	45 [310]

ASTM A403

ASTM A403 Standard specification covers the standard for wrought austenitic stainless steel fittings for pressure piping applications.

Chemical Composition (%) of ASTM A403

Steel No.	Type	C	Si	S	P	Mn	Cr	Ni	Mo	Other	ób	ós
WP304	0.08	1	0.03	0.045	2	18-20	8-11			515	205	28
WP304H	0.04-0.1	1	0.03	0.045	2	18-20	8-11			515	205	28
WP304L	0.035	1	0.03	0.045	2	18-20	8-13			485	170	28
WP304LN	0.03	0.75	0.03	0.045	2	18-20	8-10.5		N2:0.1-0.16	515	205	28
WP304N	0.08	0.75	0.03	0.045	2	18-20	8-11		N2:0.1-0.16	550	240	28
WP309	0.15	1	0.03	0.045	2	22-24	12-15			515	205	28
WP310	0.15	1.5	0.03	0.045	2	24-26	19-22			515	205	28
WP316	0.08	1	0.03	0.045	2	16-18	10-14	2-3		515	205	28
WP316H	0.04-0.1	1	0.03	0.045	2	16-18	10-14	2-3		515	205	28
WP316LN	0.03	0.75	0.03	0.045	2	16-18	11-14	2-3	N2:0.1-0.16	515	205	28
WP316L	0.035	1	0.03	0.045	2	16-18	10-16	2-3		485	170	28
WP316N	0.08	0.75	0.03	0.045	2	16-18	11-14	2-3	N2:0.1-0.16	550	240	28
WP317	0.08	1	0.03	0.045	2	18-20	11-15	3-4		515	205	28
WP317L	0.03	1	0.03	0.045	2	18-20	11-15	3-4		515	205	28
WP321	0.08	1	0.03	0.045	2	17-20	9-13		Ti:5C-0.7	515	205	28
WP321H	0.04-0.1	1	0.03	0.045	2	17-20	9-13		Ti:4C-0.7	515	205	28
WP347	0.08	1	0.03	0.045	2	17-20	9-13		Nb+Ta:10C-1.1	515	205	28
WP347H	0.04-0.1	1	0.03	0.045	2	17-20	9-13		Nb+Ta:8C-1	515	205	28
WP348	0.08	1	0.03	0.045	2	17-20	9-13		Ta:0.1	515	205	28
WP348H	0.04-0.1	1	0.03	0.045	2	17-20	9-13		Ta:0.1	515	205	28

Mechanical properties of ASTM A403

Grade	UNS	Tensile Strength, min		Yield Strength,min		Elongation min % in 4D
		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa	Longit %	Trans%
ALL	ALL	75	515	30	205	28	20
304L	S30403	70	485	25	170	28	20
316L	S31603	70	485	25	170	28	20
304N	S30451	80	550	35	240	28	20
316N	S31651	80	550	35	240	28	20
316N	S31726	80	550	35	240	28	20
XM-19	S20910	100	690	55	380	28	20
	S31254	94-119	650-820	44	300	28	20
	S34565	115	795	60	415	28	20
	S33228	73	500	27	185	28	20

Material Furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of specifications A960/A960M including any supplementary requirements that are indicates in the purchase order. Failure to company with the common requirements of Specification A960/A960M constitutes non-conformance with this specification . In case of conflict between this specification and Specification A960/A960M , this specification shall prevail.

ASTM A420

ASTM A420/A420M-07 standard specification for piping fittings of wrought carbon steel and alloy steel for low-temperature service.

ASTM A420 Chemical Composition Requirements

Elements	WPL6, %	WPL9, %	WPL3, %	WPL8, %
Carbon [C]	≤0.30	≤0.20	≤0.20	≤0.13
Manganese [Mn]	0.50-1.35	0.40-1.06	0.31-0.64	≤0.90
Phosphorus [P]	≤0.035	≤0.030	≤0.05	≤0.030
Sulfur [S]	≤0.040	≤0.030	≤0.05	≤0.030
Silicon [Si]	0.15-0.40	…	0.13-0.37	0.13-0.37
Nickel [Ni]	≤0.40	1.60-2.24	3.2-3.8	8.4-9.6
Chromium [Cr]	≤0.30	...	...	...
Molybdenum [Mo]	≤0.12	...	...	...
Copper [Cu]	≤0.40	0.75-1.25	…	…
Columbium [Cb]	≤0.02	...	...	...
Vanadium[V]	≤0.08	...	...	...

*For grade WPL6, the limit for Columbium may be increased up to 0.05% on heat analysis and 0.06% on product analysis.
*Fittings of WPL3 made from plate or forgings may have 0.90 % max manganese.
*Fittings of WPL8 made from plate may have 0.98 % max manganese.

ASTM A420 Mechanical Properties

ASTM A420/ A420M	Tensile Strength, min.		Yield Strength, min.		Elongation %, min
Grade	ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa	Longitudinal	Transverse
WPL6	65-95	415-655	35	240	22	12
WPL9	63-88	435-610	46	315	20	…
WPL3	65-90	450-620	35	240	22	14
WPL8	100-125	690-865	75	515	16	…

*All the elongation values are on the basis of standard round specimen, or small proportional specimen, min % in 4 D.

ASTM A234 is Standard Specification for steel pipe fittings includes carbon and alloy steel material for moderate and high temperature services.

ASME B16.9

ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).

ASME / ANSI B16.9 dimension

Nominal	Outside Diameter		90° Elbows		45° Elbows		180° Returns
Pipe Size			Long Radius	Short Radius	Long Radius		Long Radius
(inches)	(mm)	(inches)	Center to Face	Center to Face	Center to Face	Radius	Center to Center	Back to face
			(inches)	(inches)	(inches)	(inches)	(inches)	(inches)
1/2	21.3	0.84	1.5	–	5/8		2	1.875
3/4	26.7	1.05	1.125	–	7/16		2.25	1.6875
1	33.4	1.315	1.5	1	7/8		3	2.1875
1.25	42.2	1.66	1.875	1.25	1		3.75	2.75
1.5	48.3	1.9	2.25	1.5	1.125	3	4.5	3.25
2	60.3	2.375	3	2	1.375	4	6	4.1875
2.5	73	2.875	3.75	2.5	1.75	5	7.5	5.1875
3	88.9	3.5	4.5	3	2	6	9	6.25
3.5	101.6	4	5.25	3.5	2.25	7	10.5	7.25
4	114.3	4.5	6	4	2.5	8	12	8.25
5	141.3	5.563	7.5	5	3.125	10	15	10.3125
6	168.3	6.625	9	6	3.75	12	18	12.3125
8	219.1	8.625	12	8	5	12	24	16.3125
10	273.1	10.75	15	10	6.25	15	30	20.375
12	323.9	12.75	18	12	7.5	18	36	24.375

Tolerances of Welded Fittings

NOMINAL PIPE SIZE NPS	ANGULARITY TOLERANCES	ANGULARITY TOLERANCES
Size	Off Angle Q	Off Plane P
½ to 4	0.03	0.06
5 to 8	0.06	0.12
10 to 12	0.09	0.19
14 to 16	0.09	0.25
18 to 24	0.12	0.38
26 to 30	0.19	0.38
32 to 42	0.19	0.5
44 to 48	0.18	0.75

All dimensions are given in inches. Tolerances are equal plus and minus except as noted.
1. Out-of-round is the sum of absolute values of plus and minus tolerance.
2. This tolerance may not apply in localized areas of formed fittings where increased wall thickness is required to meet design requirements of ASME B16.9.
3. The inside diameter and the nominal wall thicknesses at ends are to be specified by the purchaser.
4. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, these tolerances apply to the nominal inside diameter, which equals the difference between the nominal outside diameter and twice the nominal wall thickness.

MSS SP-97

MSS SP-97 Standard Practice covers essential dimensions, finish, tolerances, testing, marking, material, and minimum strength requirements for 90 degree integrally reinforced forged branch outlet fittings of buttwelding, socket welding, and threaded types.

Buttwelding Ends

Nominal wall Thickness : t	End Preparation
t<5mm (for austenitic alloy steel t<4mm)	Cut square or slightly chamfer at manufacturer ‘ s option
5	Plain Bevel as in sketch ( a ) above
t>22mm	Compound Bevel as in sketch ( b ) above

Chemical Composition Requirements of MSS SP 75

Elements	Value, %
Carbon (C)	≤0.30
Manganese (Mn)	≤1.60
Phosphorus (P)	≤0.035
Sulfur (S)	≤0.035
Copper (Cu)	≤0.50
Nickel (Ni)	≤0.50
Silicon (Si)	≤0.50
Chromium (Cr)	≤0.25
Molybdenum (Mo)	≤0.13
Vanadium (V)	≤0.13
Columbium (Cb)	≤0.10
Titanium(Ti)	≤0.05

*1. The sum of Cu, Ni, Cr and Mo shall not exceed 1%.
*2. Carbon equivalent C.E.=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15 shall not exceed 0.45%.

Manufacturing Standards of Buttweld Pipe End, Buttweld Pipe Cap

ASME: ANSI B16.9, ANSI B16.28, MSS-SP-43
DIN: DIN2605, DIN2615, DIN2616, DIN2617, DIN28011
EN: EN10253-1, EN10253-2
ASTM A403 – ASME SA403 Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Fittings Buttwelding
ASME B16.25 Buttwelding Ends
ASME B16.28 Wrought Steel Short Radius Elbows and Buttwelding Returns
MSS SP-43 Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications

Buttweld Pipe End Material Grades

Stainless Steel Pipe Cap ASTM A403 WP Gr. 304, 304H, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 317L, 321, 347, 904L
Carbon Steel Pipe Cap ASTM A 234 WPB , WPBW, WPHY 42, WPHY 46, WPHY 52, WPH 60, WPHY 65 & WPHY 70.
Low Temperature Carbon Steel Pipe Cap ASTM A420 WPL3, A420 WPL6
Alloy Steel Pipe Cap ASTM / ASME A/SA 234 Gr. WP 1, WP 5, WP 9, WP 11, WP 12, WP 22, WP 91
Duplex Pipe Cap ASTM A 815, ASME SA 815 UNS NO S31803, S32205. Werkstoff No. 1.4462
Nickel Alloy Pipe Cap ASTM / ASME SB 336 UNS 2200 ( NICKEL 200 ), UNS 2201 (NICKEL 201 ), UNS 4400 (MONEL 400 ), UNS 8020 ( ALLOY 20 / 20 CB 3, UNS 8825 INCONEL (825), UNS 6600 (INCONEL 600 ), UNS 6601 ( INCONEL 601 ), UNS 6625 (INCONEL 625), UNS 10276 ( HASTELLOY C 276 )

Size

A reducer is the component in a pipeline that reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter).

Nominal pipe	Outside Diameter at Bevel				Center to End
DN size	D1		D2		End to End
DN size	Series A	Series B	Series A	Series B	L
20×15	26.9	25	21.3	18	38
25×20	33.7	32	26.9	25	51
25×15	33.7	32	21.3	18	51
32×25	42.4	38	33.7	32	51
32×20	42.4	38	26.9	25	51
32×15	42.4	38	21.3	18	51
40×32	48.3	45	42.4	38	64
40×25	48.3	45	33.7	32	64
40×20	48.3	45	26.7	25	64
40×15	48.3	45	21.3	18	64
50×40	60.3	57	48.3	45	76
50×32	60.3	57	42.4	38	76
50×25	60.3	57	33.7	32	76
50×20	60.3	57	26.9	25	76
65×50	76.1(73)	76	60.3	57	89
65×40	76.1(73)	76	48.3	45	89
65×32	76.1(73)	76	42.4	38	89
65×25	76.1(73)	76	33.7	32	89
80×65	88.9	89	76.1(73)	76	89
80×50	88.9	89	60.3	57	89
80×40	88.9	89	48.3	45	89
80×32	88.9	89	42.4	38	89
90×80	101.6	-	88.9	-	102
90×65	101.6	-	76.1(73)	-	102
90×50	101.6	-	60.3	-	102
90×40	101.6	-	48.3	-	102
90×32	101.6	-	42.4	-	102
100×90	114.3	108	101.6	-	102
100×80	114.3	108	88.9	89	102
100×65	114.3	108	76.1(73)	76	102
100×50	114.3	108	60.3	57	102
100×40	114.3	108	48.3	45	102
125×100	139.7	133	114.3	108	127
125×90	139.7	-	101.6	-	127
125×80	139.7	133	88.9	89	127
125×65	139.7	133	76.1(73)	76	127
125×50	139.7	133	60.3	57	127
150×125	168.3	159	139.7	133	140
150×100	168.3	159	114.3	108	140
150×90	168.3	-	101.6	-	140
150×80	168.3	159	88.9	89	140
150×65	168.3	159	76.1(73)	76	140
200×150	219.1	219	163.8	159	152
200×125	219.1	219	139.7	133	152
200×100	219.1	219	114.3	108	152
200×90	219.1	-	101.6	-	152
250×200	273	273	219.1	219	178
250×150	273	273	168.3	159	178
250×125	273	273	139.7	133	178
250×100	273	273	114.3	108	178
300×250	323.9	325	273	273	203
300×200	323.9	325	219.1	219	203
300×150	323.9	325	168.3	159	203
300×125	323.9	325	139.7	133	203
350×300	355.6	377	323.9	325	330
350×250	355.6	377	273	273	330
350×200	355.6	377	219.1	219	330
350×150	355.6	377	168.3	159	330
400×350	406.4	426	355.6	377	356
400×300	406.4	426	323.9	325	356
400×250	406.4	426	273	273	356
400×200	406.4	426	219.1	219	356
450×400	457.2	478	406.4	426	381
450×350	457.2	478	355.6	377	381
450×300	457.2	478	323.9	325	381
450×250	457.2	478	273	273	381
500×450	508	529	457.2	478	508
500×400	508	529	406.4	426	508
500×350	508	529	355.6	377	508
500×300	508	529	323.9	325	508
550×500	559	-	508	-	508
550×450	559	-	457	-	508
550×400	559	-	406	-	508
550×350	559	-	356	-	508
600×550	610	-	559	-	508
600×500	610	630	508	530	508
600×450	610	630	457	480	508
600×400	610	630	406	426	508
650×600	660	-	610	-	610
650×550	660	-	559	630	610
650×500	660	-	508	-	610
650×450	660	-	457	630	610
700×650	711	-	660	-	610
700×600	711	720	310	720	610
700×550	711	-	559	-	610
700×500	711	720	508	630	610
750×700	762	-	711	-	610
750×650	762	-	660	-	610
750×600	762	-	610	-	610
750×550	762	-	559	-	610
800×750	813	-	762	-	610
800×700	813	820	711	720	610
800×650	813	-	660	-	610
800×600	813	820	610	630	610
850×800	864	-	813	-	610
850×750	864	-	762	-	610
850×700	864	-	711	-	610
850×650	864	-	660	-	610
900×850	914	-	864	-	610
900×800	914	920	813	820	610
900×750	914	-	762	-	610
900×700	914	920	711	820	610
950×900	965	-	914	-	610
950×850	965	-	864	-	610
950×800	965	-	813	-	610
950×750	965	-	762	-	610
1000×950	1016	-	965	-	610
1000×900	1016	1020	914	920	610
1000×850	1016	-	864	-	610
1000×800	1016	1020	813	920	610
1050×1000	1067	-	1016	-	610
1050×950	1067	-	965	-	610
1050×900	1067	-	914	-	610
1050×850	1067	-	864	-	610
1100×1050	1118	-	1067	-	610
1100×1000	1118	1120	1016	1020	610
1100×950	1118	-	965	-	610
1100×900	1118	1120	914	1020	610
1150×1100	1168	-	1118	-	711
1150×1050	1168	-	1067	-	711
1150×1000	1168	-	1016	-	711
1150×950	1168	-	965	-	711
1200×1150	1220	-	1168	-	711
1200×1100	1220	1220	1118	1120	711
1200×1050	1220	-	1067	-	711
1200×1000	1220	1220	1016	1120	711

Length of reducers
The length of a Reducer is very short in relation to the diameter, so in some dimensions the transition from one to another diameter is very abruptly. For example, a reducer 6″ x 2½” has a length of 140 mm. On this short distance a pipeline will be reduced from 168.3 mm O.D. to 73 mm O.D. During the design phase of a new pipe system, a piping designer certainly must think about it.

ASME B16.9 Butt weld Reducers Dimensions

Size (inches)	mm	D	d	H
3/4 x 3/4	20 x 15	26,67	21,34	38,10
3/4 x 3/8	20 x 10	26,67	17,14	38,10
1 x 3/4	25 x 20	33,40	26,67	50,80
1 x 1/2	25 x 15	33,40	21,34	50,80
1 1/4 x 1	32 x 25	42,16	33,40	50,80
1 1/4 x 3/4	32 x 20	42,16	26,67	50,80
1 1/4 x 1/2	32 x 15	42,16	21,34	50,80
1 1/2 x 1 1/4	40 x 32	48,26	42,16	63,50
1 1/2 x 1	40 x 25	48,26	33,40	63,50
1 1/2 x 3/4	40 x 20	48,26	26,67	63,50
1 1/2 x 1/2	40 x 15	48,26	21,34	63,50
2 x 1 1/2	50 x 40	60,32	48,26	76,20
2 x 1 1/4	50 x 32	60,32	42,16	76,20
2 x 1	50 x 25	60,32	33,40	76,20
2 x 3/4	50 x 20	60,32	26,67	76,20
2 1/2 x 2	65 x 50	73,02	60,32	88,90
2 1/2 x 1 1/2	65 x 40	73,02	48,26	88,90
2 1/2 x 1 1/4	65 x 32	73,02	42,16	88,90
2 1/2 x1	65 x 25	73,02	33,40	88,90
3 x 2 1/2	80 x 65	88,90	73,02	88,90
3 x 2	80 x 50	88,90	60,32	88,90
3 x 1 1/2	80 x 40	88,90	48,26	88,90
3 x 1 1/4	80 x 32	88,90	42,16	88,90
3 1/2 x 3	90 x 80	101,60	88,90	101.6
3 1/2 x 2 1/2	90 x 65	101,60	73,02	101.6
3 1/2 x 2	90 x 50	101,60	60,32	101.6
3 1/2 x 1 1/2	90 x 40	101,60	48,26	101.6
3 1/2 x 1 1/4	90 x 32	101,60	42,16	101.6
4 x 3 1/2	100 x 90	114,30	73,02	101.6
4 x 3	100 x 80	114,30	88,90	101.6
4 x 2 1/2	100 x 65	114,30	73,02	101.6
4 x 2	100 x 50	114,30	60,32	101.6
4 x 1 1/2	100 x 40	114,30	48,26	101.6
5 x 4	125 x 100	141,30	114,30	127,00
5 x 3 1/2	125 x 90	141,30	101,60	127,00
5 x 3	125 x 80	141,30	88,90	127,00
5 x 2 1/2	125 x 65	141,30	73,02	127,00
5 x 2	125 x 50	141,30	60,32	127,00
6 x 5	150 x 125	168,27	141,30	139,7
6 x 4	150 x 100	168,27	114,30	139,7
6 x 1/2	150 x 90	168,27	101,60	139,7
6 x 3	150 x 80	168,27	88,90	139,7
6 x 1/2	150 x 65	168,27	73,02	139,7
8 x 6	200 x 150	219,07	168,27	152,4
8 x 5	200 x 125	219,07	141,30	152,4
8 x 4	200 x 100	219,07	114,30	152,4
8 x 3 1/2	200 x 90	219,07	101,60	152,4
10 x 8	250 x 200	273,05	219,07	177,8
10 x 6	250 x 150	273,05	168,27	177,8
10 x 5	250 x 125	273,05	141,30	177,8
10 x 4	250 x 100	273,05	114,30	177,8
12 x 10	300 x 250	323,85	273,05	203,2
12 x 8	300 x 200	323,85	219,07	203,2
12 x 6	300 x 150	323,85	168,27	203,2
12 x 5	300 x 125	323,85	141,30	203,2
14 x 12	350 x 300	355,60	323,85	330,2
14 x 10	350 x 250	355,60	273,05	330,2
14 x 8	350 x 200	355,60	219,07	330,2
14 x 6	350 x 150	355,60	168,27	330,2
16 x 14	400 x 350	406,40	355,60	355,6
16 x 12	400 x 300	406,40	323,85	355,6
16 x 10	400 x 250	406,40	273,05	355,6
16 x 8	400 x 200	406,40	219,07	355,6
18 x 16	450 x 400	457,20	406,40	381,0
18 x 14	450 x 350	457,20	355,60	381,0
18 x 12	450 x 300	457,20	323,85	381,0
18 x 10	450 x 250	457,20	273,05	381,0
20 x 18	500 x 450	508,00	457,20	508,0
20 x 16	500 x 400	508,00	406,40	508,0
20 x 14	500 x 350	508,00	355,60	508,0
20 x 12	500 x 300	508,00	323,85	508,0
22 x 20	550 x 500	558,80	508,00	508,0
22 x 18	550 x 450	558,80	457,20	508,0
22 x 16	550 x 400	558,80	406,40	508,0
22 x 14	550 x 350	558,80	355,60	508,0
24 x 22	600 x 550	609,6	558,80	508,0
24 x 20	600 x 500	609,6	508,00	508,0
24 x 18	600 x 450	609,6	457,20	508,0
24 x 16	600 x 400	609,6	406,40	508,0

Dimension in mm.

ASME B16.9 Butt weld reducers dimensions tolerances

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)	Outside Ø at Bevel	Inside Ø at End	Wall Thickness t / t1	Overall Length H
1/2 a 2 1/2	1	0,8	Not	2
3 a 3 1/2	1	1,6	less	2
4	1	1,6	than	2
5 a 6	2	1,6	87,50%	2
8	2	1,6	of nominal	2
10	1	3,2	tickness	2
12 a 18	+4 -3	3,2		3
20 a 24	+6 -5	4,8		3
26 a 30	2	4,8		3
32 a 48	2	4,8		5

Dimensional tolerances - reducers

ASME B16.9 Butt weld Reducers Weights

NPS	REDUCERS*
inches	Sch.	Sch.	Sch.	Sch.
	5S	10S	40S	80S
	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.06
	0.1	0.1	0.14	0.18
1	0.12	0.12	0.16	0.22
1.25	0.18	0.18	0.22	0.27
1.5	0.21	0.21	0.28	0.33
2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.55
2.5	0.45	0.45	0.8	1
3	0.5	0.5	0.9	1.2
4	0.8	0.8	1.5	2.2
5	1.4	1.4	2.7	3.7
6	2	2	4	5.8
8	3.1	3.1	6.9	9.3
10	4.8	4.8	10.5	14.5
12	9	9	19	25
14	15.5	15.5	31	41.5
16	19	19	38	50.5
18	23	23	46	61.5
20	34	34	58.5	78
24	50	50	75	100

Approximate weights in kg, density 8 kg/dm3
Weights are referred to the reduction with the first smaller diameter

ASME B16.9 butt weld eccentric reducers dimensions

Nominal Diameter		Outside Diameter D1*D2		End to End
DN	NPS	Series A	Series B	H
20×15	3/4×1/2	26.9×21.3	25×18	38
20×10	3/4×3/8	26.9×17.3	25×14	38
25×20	1×3/4	33.7×26.9	32×25	51
25×15	1×1/2	33.7×21.3	32×18	51
32×25	1.1/4×1	42.4×33.7	38×32	51
32×20	1.1/4×3/4	42.4×26.9	38×25	51
32×15	1.1/4×1/2	42.4×21.3	38×18	51
40×32	1.1/2×1.1/4	48.3×42.4	45×38	64
40×25	1.1/2×1	48.3×33.7	45×32	64
40×20	1.1/2×3/4	48.3×26.9	45×25	64
40×15	1.1/2×1/2	48.3×21.3	45×18	64
50×40	2×1.1/2	60.3×48.3	57×45	76
50×32	2×1.1/4	60.3×42.4	57×38	76
50×25	2×1	60.3×33.7	57×32	76
50×20	2×3/4	60.3×26.9	57×25	76
65×50	2.1/2×2	73.0×60.3	76×57	89
65×40	2.1/2×1.1/2	73.0×48.3	76×45	89
65×32	2.1/2×1.1/4	73.0×42.4	76×38	89
65×25	2.1/2×1	73.0×33.7	76×32	89
80×65	3×2.1/2	88.9×73.0	89×76	89
80×50	3×2	88.9×60.3	89×57	89
80×40	3×1.1/2	88.9×48.3	89×45	89
80×32	3×1.1/4	88.9×42.4	89×38	89
90×80	3.1/2×3	101.6×88.9	-	102
90×65	3.1/2×2.1/2	101.6×73.0	-	102
90×50	3.1/2×2	101.6×60.3	-	102
90×40	3.1/2×1.1/2	101.6×48.3	-	102
90×32	3.1/2×1.1/4	101.6×42.4	-	102
100×90	4×3.1/2	114.3×101.6	-	102
100×80	4×3	114.3×88.9	108×89	102
100×65	4×2.1/2	114.3×73.0	108×76	102
100×50	4×2	114.3×60.3	108×57	102
100×40	4×1.1/2	114.3×48.3	108×45	102
125×100	5×4	141.3×114.3	133×108	127
125×90	5×3.1/2	141.3×101.6	-	127
125×80	5×3	141.3×88.9	133×89	127
125×65	5×2.1/2	141.3×73.0	133×76	127
125×50	5×2	141.3×60.3	133×57	127
150×125	6×5	168.3×141.3	159×133	140
150×100	6×5	168.3×114.3	159×108	140
150×90	6×3.1/2	168.3×101.6	-	140
150×80	6×3	168.3×88.9	159×89	140
150×65	6×2.1/2	168.3×73.0	159×76	140
200×150	8×6	219.1×168.3	219×159	152
200×125	8×5	219.1×141.3	219×133	152
200×100	8×4	219.1×114.3	219×108	152
200×90	8×3.1/2	219.1×101.6	-	152
250×200	10×8	273.0×219.1	273×219	178
250×150	10×6	273.0×168.3	273×159	178
250×125	10×5	273.0×141.3	273×133	178
250×100	10×4	273.0×114.3	273×108	178
300×250	12×10	323.9×273.1	325×273	203
300×200	12×8	323.9×219.1	325×219	203
300×150	12×6	323.9×168.3	325×159	203
300×125	12×5	323.9×141.3	325×133	203
350×300	14×12	355.6×323.9	377×325	330
350×250	14×10	355.6×273.0	377×273	330
350×200	14×8	355.6×219.1	377×219	330
350×150	14×6	355.6×168.3	377×159	330
400×350	16×14	406.4×355.6	426×377	356
400×300	16×12	406.4×323.9	426×325	356
400×250	16×10	406.4×273.0	426×273	356
400×200	16×8	406.4×219.1	426×219	356
450×400	18×16	457×406.4	478×426	381
450×350	18×14	457×355.6	478×377	381
450×300	18×12	457×323.9	478×325	381
450×250	18×10	457×273.0	478×273	381
500×450	20×18	508×457	529×478	508
500×400	20×16	508×406.4	529×426	508
500×350	20×14	508×355.6	529×377	508
500×300	20×12	508×323.9	529×325	508
550×500	22×20	559×508	-	508
550×450	22×18	559×457	-	508
550×400	22×16	559×406.4	-	508
550×350	22×14	559×355.6	-	508
600×550	24×22	610×559	-	508
600×500	24×20	610×508	630×529	508
600×450	24×18	610×457	630×478	508
600×400	24×22	610×406.4	630×426	508
650×600	26×24	660×610	-	610
650×550	26×22	660×559	-	610
650×500	26×20	660×508	-	610
650×450	26×18	660×457	-	610
700×650	28×26	711×660	-	610
700×600	28×24	711×610	720×630	610
700×550	28×22	711×559	-	610
700×500	28×20	711×508	720×530	610
750×700	30×28	762×711	-	610
750×650	30×26	762×660	-	610
750×600	30×24	762×610	-	610
750×550	30×22	762×559	-	610
800×750	32×30	813×762	-	610
800×700	32×28	813×711	820×720	610
800×650	32×26	813×660	-	610
800×600	32×24	813×610	820×630	610
850×800	34×32	864×813	-	610
850×750	34×30	864×762	-	610
850×700	34×28	864×711	-	610
850×650	34×26	864×660	-	610
900×850	36×34	914×864	-	610
900×800	36×32	914×813	920×820	610
900×750	36×30	914×762	-	610
900×700	36×28	914×711	920×720	610
950×900	38×36	965×914	-	610
950×850	38×34	965×864	-	610
950×800	38×32	965×813	-	610
950×750	38×30	965×762	-	610
1000×950	40×38	1016×965	-	610
1000×900	40×36	1016×914	1020×920	610
1000×850	40×34	1016×864	-	610
1000×800	40×32	1016×813	1020×820	610
1050×1000	42×40	1067×1016	-	610
1050×950	42×38	1067×965	-	610
1050×900	42×36	1067×914	-	610
1050×850	42×34	1067×864	-	610
1100×1050	44×42	1118×1067	-	610
1100×1000	44×40	1118×1016	1120×1020	610
1100×950	44×38	1118×965	-	610
1100×900	44×36	1118×914	1220×920	610
1150×1100	46×44	1168×1118	-	711
1150×1050	46×42	1168×1067	-	711
1150×1000	46×40	1168×1016	-	711
1150×950	46×38	1168×965	-	711
1200×1150	48×46	1220×1168	-	711
1200×1100	48×44	1220×1118	1220×1120	711
1200×1050	48×42	1220×1067	-	711
1200×1000	48×40	1220×1016	1220×1020	711

ANSI--American National Standards Institute

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)	Outside Diameter at Bevel		Center-to-End
	D1	D2	H
¾×½	1.05	0.84	1.5
¾×⅜	1.05	0.68	1.5
1×¾	1.32	1.05	2
1×½	1.32	0.84	2
1¼×1	1.66	1.32	2
1¼×¾	1.66	1.05	2
1¼×½	1.66	0.84	2
1½×1¼	1.9	1.66	2.5
1½×1	1.9	1.32	2.5
1½×¾	1.9	1.05	2.5
1½×½	1.9	0.84	2.5
2×1½	2.38	1.9	3
2×1¼	2.38	1.66	3
2×1	2.38	1.32	3
2×¾	2.38	1.05	3
2½×2	2.88	2.38	3.5
2½×1½	2.88	1.9	3.5
2½×1¼	2.88	1.66	3.5
2½×1	2.88	1.32	3.5
3×2½	3.5	2.88	3.5
3×2	3.5	2.38	3.5
3×1½	3.5	1.9	3.5
3×1¼	3.5	1.66	3.5
3½ ×3	4	3.5	4
3½×2½	4	2.88	4
3½ ×2	4	2.38	4
3½×1½	4	1.9	4
3½×1¼	4	1.66	4
4×3½	4.5	4	4
4×3	4.5	3.5	4
4×2½	4.5	2.88	4
4×2	4.5	2.38	4
4×1½	4.5	1.9	4
5×4	5.56	4.5	5
5×3½	5.56	4	5
5×3	5.56	3.5	5
5×2½	5.56	2.88	5
5×2	5.56	2.38	5
6×5	6.62	5.56	5.5
6×4	6.62	4.5	5.5
6×3½	6.62	4	5.5
6×3	6.62	3.5	5.5
6×2½	6.62	2.88	5.5
8×6	8.62	6.62	6
8×5	8.62	5.56	6
8×4	8.62	4.5	6
8×3½	8.62	4	6
10×8	10.75	8.62	7
10×6	10.75	6.62	7
10×5	10.75	5.56	7
10×4	10.75	4.5	7
12×10	12.75	10.75	8
12×8	12.75	8.62	8
12×6	12.75	6.62	8
12×5	12.75	5.56	8
14×12	14	12.75	13
14×10	14	10.75	13
14×8	14	8.62	13
14×6	14	6.62	13
16×14	16	14	14
16×12	16	12.75	14
16×10	16	10.75	14
16×8	16	8.62	14
18×16	18	16	15
18×14	18	14	15
18×12	18	12.75	15
18×10	18	10.75	15
20×18	20	18	20
20×16	20	16	20
20×14	20	14	20
20×12	20	12.75	20
22×20	22	20	20
22×18	22	18	20
22×16	22	16	20
22×14	22	14	20
24×22	24	22	20
24×20	24	20	20
24×18	24	18	20
24×16	24	16	20
26×24	26	24	24
26×22	26	22	24
26×20	26	20	24
26×18	26	18	24
28×26	28	26	24
28×24	28	24	24
28×20	28	20	24
28×18	28	18	24
30×28	30	28	24
30×26	30	26	24
30×24	30	24	24
30×20	30	20	24
32×30	32	30	24
32×28	32	28	24
32×26	32	26	24
32×24	32	24	24
34×32	34	32	24
34×30	34	30	24
34×26	34	26	24
34×24	34	24	24
36×34	36	34	24
36×32	36	32	24
36×30	36	30	24
36×26	36	26	24
36×24	36	24	24
38×36	38	36	24
38×34	38	34	24
38×32	38	32	24
38×30	38	30	24
38×28	38	28	24
38×26	38	26	24
40×38	40	38	24
40×36	40	36	24
40×34	40	34	24
40×32	40	32	24
40×30	40	30	24
42×40	42	40	24
42×38	42	38	24
42×36	42	36	24
42×34	42	34	24
42×32	42	32	24
42×30	42	30	24
44×42	44	42	24
44×40	44	40	24
44×38	44	38	24
44×36	44	36	24
46×44	46	44	28
46×42	46	42	28
46×40	46	40	28
46×38	46	38	28
48×46	48	46	28
48×44	48	44	28
48×42	48	42	28
48×40	48	40	28

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)		Outside Diameter		End-to-End
A	B	D1	D2	H
20×15	¾×½	27.2	21.7	38.1
25×20	1×¾	34	27.2	50.8
25×15	1×½	34	21.7	50.8
32×25	1¼×1	42.7	34	50.8
32×20	1¼×¾	42.7	27.2	50.8
32×15	1¼×½	42.7	21.7	50.8
40×32	1 ½×1¼	48.6	42.7	63.5
40×25	1 ½×1	48.6	34	63.5
40×20	1 ½×¾	48.6	27.2	63.5
40×15	1 ½×½	48.6	21.7	63.5
50×40	2×1½	60.5	48.6	76.2
50×32	2×1¼	60.5	42.7	76.2
50×25	2×1	60.5	34	76.2
50×20	2×¾	60.5	27.2	76.2
65×50	2 ½×2	76.3	60.5	88.9
65×40	2 ½×1½	76.3	48.6	88.9
65×32	2 ½×1¼	76.3	42.7	88.9
65×25	2 ½×1	76.3	34	88.9
80×65	3×2½	89.1	76.3	88.9
80×50	3×2	89.1	60.5	88.9
80×40	3×1½	89.1	48.6	88.9
80×32	3×1¼	89.1	42.7	88.9
90×80	3 ½×3	101.6	89.1	101.6
90×65	3 ½×2½	101.6	76.3	101.6
90×50	3 ½×2	101.6	60.5	101.6
90×40	3 ½×1½	101.6	48.6	101.6
90×32	3 ½×1¼	101.6	42.7	101.6
100×90	4×3½	114.3	101.6	101.6
100×80	4×3	114.3	89.1	101.6
100×65	4×2½	114.3	76.3	101.6
100×50	4×2	114.3	60.5	101.6
100×40	4×1½	114.3	48.6	101.6
125×100	5×4	139.8	114.3	127
125×90	5×3½	139.8	101.6	127
125×80	5×3	139.8	89.1	127
125×65	5×2½	139.8	76.3	127
125×50	5×2	139.8	60.5	127
150×125	6×5	165.2	139.8	139.7
150×100	6×4	165.2	114.3	139.7
150×90	6×3½	165.2	101.6	139.7
150×80	6×3	165.2	89.1	139.7
150×65	6×2½	165.2	76.3	139.7
200×150	8×6	216.3	165.2	152.4
200×125	8×5	216.3	139.8	152.4
200×100	8×4	216.3	114.3	152.4
200×90	8×3½	216.3	101.6	152.4
250×200	10×8	267.4	216.3	177.8
250×150	10×6	267.4	165.2	177.8
250×125	10×5	267.4	139.8	177.8
250×100	10×4	267.4	114.3	177.8
300×250	12×10	318.5	267.4	203.2
300×200	12×8	318.5	216.3	203.2
300×150	12×6	318.5	165.2	203.2
300×125	12×5	318.5	139.8	203.3
350×300	14×12	355.6	318.5	330.2
350×250	14×10	355.6	267.4	330.2
350×200	14×8	355.6	216.3	330.2
350×150	14×6	355.6	165.2	330.2
400×350	16×14	406.4	355.6	355.6
400×300	16×12	406.4	318.5	355.6
400×250	16×10	406.4	267.4	355.6
400×200	16×8	406.4	216.3	355.6
450×400	18×16	457.2	406.4	381
450×350	18×14	457.2	355.6	381
450×300	18×12	457.2	318.5	381
450×250	18×10	457.2	267.4	381
500×450	20×18	508	457.2	508
500×400	20×16	508	406.4	508
500×350	20×14	508	355.6	508
500×300	20×12	508	318.5	508
550×500	22×20	558.8	508	508
550×450	22×18	558.8	457.2	508
550×400	22×16	558.8	406.4	508
550×350	22×14	558.8	355.6	508
600×550	24×22	609.6	558.8	508
600×500	24×20	609.6	508	508
600×450	24×18	609.6	457.2	508
600×400	24×16	609.6	406.4	508
650×600	26×24	660.4	609.6	609.6
650×550	26×22	660.4	558.8	609.6
650×500	26×20	660.4	508	609.6
650×450	26×18	660.4	457.2	609.6
700×650	28×26	711.2	660.4	609.6
700×600	28×24	711.2	609.6	609.6
700×550	28×22	711.2	558.8	609.6
700×500	28×20	711.2	508	609.6
750×700	30×28	762	711.2	609.6
750×650	30×26	762	660.4	609.6
750×600	30×24	762	609.4	609.6
750×550	90×22	762	558.8	609.6
800×750	32×30	812.8	762	609.6
800×700	32×28	812.8	711.2	609.6
800×650	32×26	812.8	660.4	609.6
800×600	32×24	812.8	609.6	609.6
850×800	34×32	863.6	812.8	609.6
850×750	34×30	863.6	762	609.6
850×700	34×28	863.6	711.2	609.6
850×650	34×26	863.6	660.4	609.6
900×850	36×34	914.4	863.6	609.6
900×800	36×32	914.4	812.8	609.6
900×750	36×30	914.4	762	609.6
900×700	36×28	914.4	711.2	609.6
950×900	38×36	965.2	914.4	609.6
950×850	38×34	965.2	863.6	609.6
950×800	38×32	965.2	812.8	609.6
950×750	38×30	965.2	762	609.6
1000×950	40×38	1016	965.2	609.6
1000×900	40×36	1016	914.4	609.6
1000×850	40×34	1016	863.6	609.6
1000×800	40×32	1016	812.8	609.6
1050×1000	42×40	1066.8	1016	609.6
1050× 950	42×38	1066.8	965.2	609.6
1050×900	42×36	1066.8	914.4	609.6
1050×850	42×34	1066.8	863.6	609.6
1100×1050	44×42	1117.6	1066.8	609.6
1100×1000	44×40	1117.6	1016	609.6
1100×950	44×38	1117.6	965.2	609.6
1100×900	44×36	1117.6	914.4	609.6
1150×1100	46×44	1168.4	1117.6	711.2
1150×1050	46×42	1168.4	1066.8	711.2
1150×1000	46×40	1168.4	1016	711.2
1150×950	46×38	1168.4	965.2	711.2
1200×1150	48×46	1219.2	1168.4	711.2
1200×1100	48×44	1219.2	1117.6	711.2
1200×1050	48×42	1219.2	1066.8	711.2
1200×1000	48×40	1219.2	1016	711.2

Applications

A steel pipe reducer is a component used in the pipelines to reduce its size from large to small bore in accordance to the inner diameter. The length of the reduction here is equal to an average of the smaller and larger pipe diameters. Here, the reducer can be used as a diffuser or a nozzle. The reducer helps in meeting the existing piping of varied sizes or hydraulic flow of the piping systems. The usage of a steel reducer is carried out in the chemical factories and power plants. It makes the piping system reliable and compact. It safeguards the piping system from any kind of adverse impact or thermal deformation. When it is on the pressure circle, it prevents from any type of leakage and is easy to install. The nickel or chrome coated reducers extends the product life, useful for high vapor lines, and prevents corrosion.

Pipe Reducer
Hydraulic system
Pneumatic system
Pharmaceutical fittings
Air brake fittings
Gas fittings
Refrigerant fittings
Changing the piping diameter
Handling the expansion, misalignment or vibration problem

Feature

The pipe reducer is one of the pipe fittings, which is used for connecting two pipes with varying diameters. A pipe reducer is used to change rate of fluids the flow through. Reducers are usually made by reducing pressing processes, or by expanding pressing processes or by both reducing and expanding pressing processes together, and we can also adopt stamping processes for reducers with some specifications. Reducers are categorized into types, Eccentric and Concentric Reducer. The pipe reducers are widely available in a various materials as per the demands of its applications and industries and also available in different dimensions too.

Pipe reducer help to connect large diameter pipe with small diameter pipe.
Noise and vibration are reduced by using these type of reducers.
These reducers need a limited amount of setup space.
The eccentric reducer absorbs sounds generated by the pipe wall as well as fluid tolerated.
This reducers have the lowest amount of turbulence entrapment.

Packing

For packing of carbon steel flanges with painting,we would use the bubble wrap to protect the painting.For flanges without painting or oiled with long-term shipment,we would suggest client to use the anti-tarnish paper and plastic bag to prevent the rust.
Packing reducers in wooden cases

Wrap the plastic tightly around the pipe to protect the tee

Inquiry

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FAQ

Q: How long is your delivery time? A: The delivery time of customized products is generally 25 35 days, and non customized products are generally shipped within 24 hours after payment. Q: Do you provide samples? Is it free? A: If the value of the sample is low, we will provide it for free, but the freight needs to be paid by the customer. But for some high value samples, we need to charge a fee. Q: What are your payment terms? A: T/T 30% as the deposit,The balance payment is paid in full before shipment Q: What is the packaging and transportation form? A: Non steaming wooden box and iron frame packaging. Special packaging is available according to customer needs. The transportation is mainly by sea. Q: What is your minimum order quantity? A: There is no minimum order quantity requirement. Customized products are tailor made according to the drawings provided by the customer.